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Criminalization of new types of fraud: Clearer definitions and penalties for crimes such as phishing, romance scams, AI fraud (e.g., deepfake calls), and fraud through fake online stores.
It simplifies cooperation with law enforcement agencies. The law streamlines the process of obtaining data from internet service providers and telecommunications companies to investigate cybercrimes.
International Cooperation: Hong Kong actively cooperates with other jurisdictions to combat cross-border cybercrimes, helping to recover stolen funds and bring perpetrators to justice.
Impact on consumers: The law provides Hong Kong law enforcement agencies with more powerful tools to prosecute cyberfraudsters. This increases the likelihood that fraudsters will be caught and that stolen funds can be recovered. Additionally, the existence of such legislation deters potential criminals.
It simplifies cooperation with law enforcement agencies. The law streamlines the process of obtaining data from internet service providers and telecommunications companies to investigate cybercrimes.
International Cooperation: Hong Kong actively cooperates with other jurisdictions to combat cross-border cybercrimes, helping to recover stolen funds and bring perpetrators to justice.
Impact on consumers: The law provides Hong Kong law enforcement agencies with more powerful tools to prosecute cyberfraudsters. This increases the likelihood that fraudsters will be caught and that stolen funds can be recovered. Additionally, the existence of such legislation deters potential criminals.
New Cybercrime and Cybersecurity Legislation came into force on March 15, 2025 in Hong Kong. This law is specifically designed to combat modern cybercrimes, many of which target consumers. It includes:
Cybercrime prevention
This helps protect consumers from account hacking, identity theft, and subsequent fraud. Change in user experience: First phase: The initial onboarding process became slightly longer and required more steps (e.g., texting a code or setting up biometric authentication). This may have bothered some users who were used to quick registration. In the long term: Users felt much safer. They felt more at ease because they knew their accounts were more protected. After setting up MFA, daily logins became only slightly longer, but it made me feel more secure.
In January 2025, the Hong Kong Office of the Privacy Commissioner for Personal Data (PCPD) gave new guidance on cloud computing. They strongly recommended using multi-factor authentication (MFA) to protect personal data. The new guidance helps organizations follow the rules of the Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance (PDPO) when using cloud services.
It gives recommendations on technical, service, and contractual actions, such as setting up strong logging, data encryption, and suitable user configurations. Why it matters: MFA makes it much harder for someone who doesn't have permission to access an account, even if the password is found.
It gives recommendations on technical, service, and contractual actions, such as setting up strong logging, data encryption, and suitable user configurations. Why it matters: MFA makes it much harder for someone who doesn't have permission to access an account, even if the password is found.
Data Security in Hong Kong
- Bank counters
- Internet banking
- Inter-bank and intra-bank transfers
- Transfers via SVFs
- ATM transactions
• Data source: The system uses data from the Police's Scameter, which labels suspicious accounts and identifiers as "High Risk".
• Triggers: An alert will be triggered if the payee's account number, mobile phone number, email address, or FPS Identifier is listed as "High Risk".
• Scope: The alert covers transfers initiated through various channels:
• Triggers: An alert will be triggered if the payee's account number, mobile phone number, email address, or FPS Identifier is listed as "High Risk".
• Scope: The alert covers transfers initiated through various channels:
How alert mechanism works:
The HKMA reminds the public to carefully verify the payment details and the payee’s identity before proceeding with a transaction.
Since 2024 customers will receive an alert for transactions if the payee's account number, mobile number, email address, or FPS Identifier is flagged as "High Risk" in the Police's Scameter search engine. This enhancement covers both intra-bank and inter-bank transfers, including those through Stored Value Facilities (SVFs)
Account alert in Hong Kong
photo credit: isoc.am
The discussion examined the evolving EU–Armenia Partnership from multiple angles, considering its benefits and limitations. Panelists reflected on the achievements of the Comprehensive and Enhanced Partnership Agreement (CEPA), acknowledging the practical challenges of its implementation
In September 2025, the spotlight was on digital security in Armenia, with events like the capacity building meeting for Global Encryption Day and the "Comprehensive Security & Resilience" conference. These events highlighted the importance of collaboration and enhancing national cybersecurity. The country also made advancements through its partnership with Plug and Play for the latter's incubation program and its ongoing work on local digital security standards for civil society organizations (CSOs).
Global Encryption Day in Armenia 2025
Impact on Onboarding and User Experience in Armenia:
Onboarding: The process for registering a minor has become more complicated than for adults. It often requires the involvement of parents or guardians. This makes it slower to access services, but it makes things more secure.
User experience:
Minors: Face restrictions are in place to ensure your safety. For people looking for "adult" content or communication, these restrictions can be frustrating. However, the overall level of protection from unwanted content and contacts has increased.
Parents/guardians: They have gained more control and confidence that their children are safer online.
Platforms: We have had to put in place more advanced verification and moderation systems, which require a lot of investment and constant adaptation.
These standards are an important step towards creating a more responsible digital ecosystem where the rights and safety of minors are prioritized.
Onboarding: The process for registering a minor has become more complicated than for adults. It often requires the involvement of parents or guardians. This makes it slower to access services, but it makes things more secure.
User experience:
Minors: Face restrictions are in place to ensure your safety. For people looking for "adult" content or communication, these restrictions can be frustrating. However, the overall level of protection from unwanted content and contacts has increased.
Parents/guardians: They have gained more control and confidence that their children are safer online.
Platforms: We have had to put in place more advanced verification and moderation systems, which require a lot of investment and constant adaptation.
These standards are an important step towards creating a more responsible digital ecosystem where the rights and safety of minors are prioritized.
Armenia is discussing a plan to create an online safety program for children under 16 and improve the school environment by banning mobile phones. A model law has been created to protect children from information that could harm their health. Since 2023, Armenia has been studying how to improve children's safety in digital environment.
Children's safety in digital environment in Armenia
Organizations need to create plans, check for risks, and AI trainings to their sta to make sure it follows the rules of the PDPO. There's a new mainland China regulation that will a ect businesses in Hong Kong. It's called the "Measures for the Administration of National Cyberspace Identity Authentication Public Services," and it will be in e ect starting July 15, 2025. This regulation says that businesses in Hong Kong have to provide users with alternative ways to verify their identity that don't use AI and protect the user data.
The "Measures for the Administration of National Cyberspace Identity Authentication Public Services" is a set of regulations, jointly issued by China's Ministry of Public Security (MPS) and Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC), that establishes a national online identity authentication system.
The "Measures for the Administration of National Cyberspace Identity Authentication Public Services" is a set of regulations, jointly issued by China's Ministry of Public Security (MPS) and Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC), that establishes a national online identity authentication system.
In May 2025, legal requirements for identity verification using AI in Hong Kong are governed by the Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance (PDPO), which mandates continuous monitoring, risk assessment, and a clear governance structure for AI systems.
AI verification rules in Hong Kong
We are happy to announce that Marat Leshchinskii will be the new Director of the Armenian branch of PWM Technologies Ltd. starting June 2025.
The new leader of the Armenian branch
of PWM Technologies Ltd.
of PWM Technologies Ltd.
photo credit: armenpress.am
The main result from the DigiTec 2025 conference in Armenia was its focus on the country's growing tech sector, with highlights including a strong emphasis on artificial intelligence and the semiconductor industry. The three-day event brought together over 200 companies, more than 80 international speakers, and about 30,000 visitors for networking and discussions. Keynote speeches and panels focused on AI's impact and the potential for Armenia to become a leader in the semiconductor sector, with opening day dedicated to AI.
EU4Diigital announced that DigiTec 2025: Armenia’s 20-year-old tech event to be largest ever
Armenia’s flagship technology event, DigiTec, took place in Yerevan on 10–12 October 2025, and promised to be the largest edition in its 20-year history, transforming the city into a hub of innovation and exchange
Armenia’s flagship technology event, DigiTec, took place in Yerevan on 10–12 October 2025, and promised to be the largest edition in its 20-year history, transforming the city into a hub of innovation and exchange
DigiTech in Armenia – the biggest
High Tech event in Armenia
High Tech event in Armenia
